Archive for February, 2013

State of the Art in Asset Protection

Thursday, February 28th, 2013

Sophisticated Tax Strategies for Start-Ups

Wednesday, February 27th, 2013

Asset Protection Planning

Friday, February 15th, 2013

January 2013 – Finally… Some Finality in Estate Planning

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

After years of uncertainty, Congress has finally removed the uncertainty surrounding the taxation of decedents’ estates. Estate planning attorneys (and our clients) can now plan to reduce estate taxes with some degree of confidence that the landscape will not radically change as soon as the ink on the estate plan is dry.

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October 2012 – Do You (Should You) Care About FATCA?

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

There was a time – until very recently – when a U.S. citizen who maintained a foreign bank account but who didn’t bother to pay the tax on the interest earned on that account had very little to worry about. After all, if the taxpayer himself was not going to report the income, the only other party who knew about the account was the foreign bank itself, and foreign banks don’t send 1099 forms to the IRS. The only way the IRS could ever learn of the account is in the highly unlikely event that a routine audit would uncover the foreign-source income.

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January 2012 – Understanding Offshore Banking – A Hands-On Primer

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

If you have never banked outside the United States, offshore banking may seem mysterious and shadowy. It is not, and the following will illuminate the subject.

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September 2011 – Nevada Once Again Leads the Way in Debtor-Friendly Legislation

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The laws of the 50 states aren’t uniform when it comes to shielding or exposing a debtor’s assets from the claims of creditors. For example, some states fully expose a debtor’s residence to a creditor. Other states, such as Florida and Texas, provide a complete homestead exemption. But no state beats Nevada when it comes to consistently and aggressively enacting legislation designed to assure that a debtor’s assets remain with the debtor and out of the clutches of creditors.

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May 2011 – Expatriation: Exit Tax, Planning Options, New Citizenship

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Expatriation refers to not simply leaving the U.S. and living abroad, but also to surrendering U.S. citizenship or permanent residency. If someone does surrender U.S. citizenship, moves abroad and picks up a new citizenship, the U.S. government may be unable to recover taxes due to it by the expat (no more jurisdiction). Consequently, the expatriation rules of the Code look to extract a tax from the expat while the U.S. still has jurisdiction. This is commonly referred to as the “exit tax.”

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March 2011 – How to Keep Your Assets Private

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

We advise our clients that asset protection is not about hiding assets; it’s about structuring the debtor’s affairs so that even if a creditor learns of the existence of the debtor’s assets, he cannot access the assets.

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February 2011 – New Estate Tax Law Puts Viability of Most Existing Estate Plans in Doubt

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

On December 16, 2010, Congress passed and sent to the President the “Middle Class Tax Relief Act of 2010.” The law contains the most sweeping change in the taxation of estates in 29 years. It also contains a ticking time bomb that might explode in the faces of the beneficiaries of many trusts. As a result of the new law, many existing estate plans no longer work, and many others will cause actual harm. As a result, every married couple’s existing estate plan should at least be reviewed, if not scrapped.

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December 2010 – Taking QPRTs a Step Further: Selling the Remainder Interest to Avoid Gift Taxes and Maximize Asset Protection

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The one asset nearest and dearest to most people’s hearts – and the one most difficult to protect from creditors – is the personal residence. Unlike cash and other liquid assets, you cannot remove a residence from the jurisdiction and out of the hands of creditors. A creditor who obtains a judgment against a homeowner needs only to record the judgment and wait. Once the judgment is entered, the homeowner cannot sell or refinance the residence without first retiring the judgment. Eventually, the judgment will be paid.

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September 2010 – Treasury Issues Proposed Regulations on Series LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The Treasury Department has issued proposed regulations on taxation of series limited liability companies. While we have set out the text of the proposed regulation below, here is a summary of what the Treasury has proposed….

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August 2010 – WARNING: Single-Member Limited Liability Companies May Be Hazardous To Your Financial Health

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

This warning label should appear on every limited liability company (“LLC”) charter that the California Secretary of State issues to every person who opens a new LLC. For good measure, the Secretary of State should post this warning on every renewal notice it sends to the owners and managers of existing LLC’s. A new case from the Florida Supreme Court, Olmstead v. Federal Trade Commission, points out the asset protection risks inherent in single-member LLC’s. In this law letter, we’ll explain why.

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June 2010 – Spouses’ Liabilities to Third Parties: California Creates a Problem and Provides a Solution

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Assume that a spouse in California becomes liable to a third party, either as a result of a tort claim, a business debt or any other source. To what extent may the other spouse (the “non-debtor spouse”) be held liable for the debts of the “debtor spouse”? Unfortunately, California statutory law is mostly good news for creditors and bad news for married debtors. But the Family Code provides spouses who engage in some early planning with an escape hatch, permitting the non-debtor spouse to avoid the debts of the debtor spouse.

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April 2010 – New Case Provides a Template (and a Warning) for Avoiding “Alter Ego” Status

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The United States District Court for the Southern District of California has recently provided practitioners with a roadmap for avoiding having the activities (and the assets) of one entity conflated into a sister entity by means of the “alter ego” theory. Failure to prove “alter ego” is particularly crippling to a creditor if there is personal jurisdiction over one entity but no jurisdiction over the sister entity that has the deep pocket.

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December 2009 – Asset Protection for Retirement Plans

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

For many of us, retirement plans are a very significant asset. It is estimated that over $15 trillion are held in ERISA and IRA plans. ERISA-qualified retirement plans (like 401k plans) are fully protected from creditors under federal law. Some non-qualified plans, including IRAs, are protected at least partially under state law (more on that below). IRAs that are inherited (i.e., the plan participant has died) are not protected, which is a big missing piece in the asset protection planning of most people.

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August 2009 – Advanced Pointers on Drafting Partnership/LLC Agreements

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Everyone knows how to draft a partnership or LLC agreement. At least that is the sense one gets from talking to lawyers. Unfortunately, many attorneys are lulled into a false sense of security by the wonderful forms that everyone has access to. When copies of LP and LLC agreements became available on EDGAR online, every attorney received access to the documents drafted by the big law firms.

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June 2009 – Restricted LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

On May 29 the Governor of Nevada approved Nevada Senate Bill 350 which creates a new type of limited liability companies and limited partnerships. For simplicity, we will focus on the LLCs only.

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May 2009 – The FBAR Form: The Government’s Big Hammer

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Last time we discussed the new Voluntary Disclosure program rolled out by the Treasury beginning of April and expiring on September 22, 2009. The goal of this program is to bring into the fold undisclosed foreign bank accounts and with them, a lot of tax revenue. The voluntary disclosure program is confiscatory and will be a tough pill to swallow for many taxpayers with undisclosed accounts.

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April 2009 – IRS Extends Its Hand to Taxpayers and Once Again Reaches Deep into Our Pockets

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Several years ago the Justice Department subpoenaed names of Americans who had Visa and MasterCard accounts with offshore banks. The IRS then offered these taxpayers a choice, come forward voluntarily and we will waive criminal prosecution and some monetary penalties, or wait until we get to you and then take the risk of criminal penalties.

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March 2009 – In the Deep Well of Asset Protection…

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

We spend so much time dealing with the technicalities and the nitty-gritty of Asset Protection that sometimes we lose sight of the forest for the trees. Every now and then it helps to step back and review some basic principles.

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December 2008 – More Bad News for Madoff Investors?

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Investors who recently learned that their investments with Bernard Madoff are all but worthless may soon find that this is only the beginning. They may soon learn that they will be asked to return any distributions they received from Madoff in prior months or years. Whether some of these investors will be required to pony up may depend on where they live or what their assets are.

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November 2008 – The Dominoes Keep Dropping

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

It all started in July of 2007. The banks stopped lending and asked for collateral increases. Mortgage brokers and smaller lenders sought the safe haven of asset protection. From small local operations to national, publicly traded companies, we were representing dozens upon dozens of brokers, lenders and financiers. Back then no one could yet foresee what was to come a year later.

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September 2008 – Sharing Our Secrets

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Over the past few years we have managed to build our law firm into the largest asset protection practice on the West Coast. What is the secret of our success? There is no secret. It has been built on three simple tenets…

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July 2008 – Everything You Never Wanted to Know About ESOPs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

ESOPs (employee stock ownership plans) have been around for over 30 years, with S corporation ESOPs since 1998. Many of us have heard of them, yawned, and changed the channel. So, in a couple of paragraphs, here is everything you need to know to sound intelligent at parties populated by tax geeks.

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June 2008 – Picking the Right Foreign Bank

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Foreign bank accounts have always been an important consideration for wealthy Americans. Whether the objective is privacy, tax planning, asset protection, currency hedging or broader investment choices, a foreign bank account can accomplish some or all of these goals.

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April 2008 – An Introduction to Swiss Annuities

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The universe of offshore tax planning and asset protection is large and complex. There are no “magic bullet” structures; instead there is a myriad of choices. The hallmark of a savvy practitioner is not only knowing of all the available options, but also knowing when to use which option for a particular client. Swiss annuities should be considered by all practitioners looking to confer significant tax and asset protection benefits on their clients.

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March 2008 – California Registration Requirements for Foreign LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

The question of California registration comes up often when foreign limited liability companies are used as holding companies for California legal entities, or own passive assets in California like bank accounts and non-income producing real estate. In publication 3556, and in practice, the FTB has adopted a position that virtually every foreign limited liability company, especially one with a California resident manager or managing members should register with California and pay California taxes. The FTB, again, is wrong.

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January 2008 – No Good Deed Goes Unpunished

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Dr. Mehta always encouraged his children to be entrepreneurial. So when his son undertook his first real estate development project, Dr. Mehta helped him by personally guaranteeing $1 million in loans.

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December 2007 – California Registration Requirements for Foreign LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

As the Year Winds Down, Clients Finally Look to “Plan.” There is a commonality shared by all tax practitioners – procrastinating clients. If we are fortunate, the client call will come in at 3 p.m. on the day a transaction is set to close. In many cases, the call comes in after the transaction has been completed, some time next tax year. What is a tax practitioner to do?

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November 2007 – A Walk-Through on Converting Corporations to LLCs Taxed as Corporations

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

We often preach about converting existing corporations to limited liability companies, both for tax and non-tax reasons. If the conversion is effected for tax planning reasons, it generally results in a liquidation of the corporation and the contribution of the corporate assets to a limited liability company taxed as either a disregarded entity or a partnership.

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September 2007 – Common Offshore Investment Choices

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Welcome to the introductory issue of our e-mail newsletter! Our newsletters aim to educate you on the subjects of our expertise: asset protection, tax law and business entities. These newsletters will endeavor to introduce you to various advanced planning strategies and will update you on new cases and developments. From time to time we will share with you some of our recent client stories and victories. We hope you will find these monthly newsletters interesting and useful.

read more…

Asset Protection for California Residents

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Book_Cover_[Asset-Protection-for-California-Residents]Asset Protection for California Residents

by Jacob Stein

The only book on asset protection planning specific to California residents. This book is a must read for any Californian who has assets that he wants to keep. Learn how to use limited liability companies, limited partnerships, various trusts, transmutation agreements, sophisticated offshore structures and many other planning tools to protect your home, retirement accounts, investments, rental real estate, business interests, intellectual property and any other asset that is valuable to you. The book focuses largely on California law and planning for California clients, but where appropriate covers the laws of other leading asset protection jurisdictions like Delaware, Nevada, Cook Islands, etc.

In addition to the substantive discussion, this book also takes a revealing look at the practical aspects of asset protection. Is it ever too late to plan? Is it safe to place assets offshore? How to pick the right structure for your client? What really works and what does not. Whenever possible, the author relates client case histories and anecdotes to readily illustrate what works and what does not work. The author is a practicing attorney specializing exclusively in asset protection planning, with many years of experience. He has represented over a 1,000 wealthy clients over the course of his career. He shares his extensive experience and knowledge of the law in an easy to read and understand manner.

[ Get it at Amazon.com ]

A Lawyer’s Guide to Asset Protection Planning In California

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Book_Cover_[A-Lawyers-Guide-to-Asset-Protection-Planning-in-California]A Lawyer’s Guide to Asset Protection Planning In California

by Jacob Stein

A Lawyer’s Guide to Asset Protection Planning in California is the first and only treatise on asset protection planning specific to California. A desktop reference guide that every attorney in California should have. In-depth coverage of the underlying substantive law and legal doctrines, with a review of applicable statutes and cases. Analysis of the most commonly used structures and planning obstacles. The book focuses largely on California law and planning for California clients, but where appropriate, covers the laws of other leading asset protection jurisdictions like Delaware, Nevada, Cook Islands, etc. In addition to the substantive discussion, this book also takes a revealing look at the practical aspects of asset protection.

Is it ever too late to plan? Is it safe to place assets offshore? How to pick the right structure for your client? What really works and what does not. Learn how to protect your clients’ assets from plaintiffs and creditors. Coverage includes planning with community property, domestic and foreign business entities, domestic and foreign trusts and retirement plans. Specific emphasis will be placed on protecting assets in a troubled economy, including protection from lenders and landlords holding personal guarantees. You’ll learn various ways, from the very simple to the very sophisticated, to protect specific assets common to all clients: houses, bank and brokerage accounts, rental real estate, businesses and professional practices and retirement plans.

[ Get it at Amazon.com ] [ Download a sample chapter - PDF 550KB ] [View the book website.]

Asset Protection

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Book_Cover_[Asset_Protection_Legal_Guide]Asset Protection

by Robert F. Klueger

As a business owner, you can’t prevent gold-diggers from bringing frivolous lawsuits against you. It’s relatively easy for someone to invent a hollow lawsuit and find a lawyer to present it. It’s not uncommon for the jury to give credence to the most ludicrous lawsuit on the assumption that it wouldn’t be in the court system unless it had merit.

You can’t change human nature or the jury system, and insurance isn’t always enough. However, you can assure that you are protected above and beyond your insurance coverage should you ever be put in this type of situation. With some careful planning and advance arrangements -experienced attorney Robert L. Klueger shows you how to legally position your assets so they are exempt from seizure or shielded from a creditor’s claims.

[ Get it at Amazon.com ] [ Download the first chapter - PDF 174KB ]

A Guide to Asset Protection

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Book_Cover_[A_Guide_to_Asset_Protection]A Guide to Asset Protection

by Robert F. Klueger

Partner Robert Klueger’s book, “A Guide to Asset Protection – How to Keep What’s Legally Yours”, has been the definitive guide on the subject for nearly a decade.

Its easy-to-understand pages contain a wealth of interesting and useful information on ways to preserve your hard-earned assets. It’s the result of his decades of experience helping people plan powerful and perfectly legal ways to protect their futures.

[ Get it at Amazon.com ]

Asset Protection – A Technical Manual

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Book_Cover_[Asset_Protection_-_A_Technical_Manual]Asset Protection – A Technical Manual

by Jacob Stein

“Asset Protection Planning” by Jacob Stein is a technical manual on the subject used by attorneys and CPAs. It’s a detailed study of a number of key areas – the underlying substantive law of asset protection, fraudulent transfer and collection laws, and asset protection with foreign and domestic trusts, legal entities, for married couples and for retirement plans.

[ Download a copy of each chapter in our White Papers section. ]

Finally, Cliff Deal Provides Some Finality in Estate Planning

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Bob_Daily_Journalby Robert Klueger

LA Daily Journal, January 2013

On Jan. 1, 2013, Congress enacted the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, the law that averted us all going over the “fiscal cliff.” The act ended a tortuous road that the estate tax and gift tax have followed for more than a decade.

 

Tax Planning for Foreign Investment in California Real Estate

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

la_lawyersby Jacob Stein

LA Lawyer, January 2013

THE RECENT CONFLUENCE of falling U.S. real estate prices and a weaker dollar, together with the flight of capital from Russia and China, has produced a significant demand for real estate in California, Florida, and Manhattan among foreign investors. This demand is fueled by the global perception that the United States is politically and economically stable (or at least more stable than the alternatives), has a transparent legal system that makes it easy for foreigners to invest in real estate and imposes no currency controls, making it easy to divest.

 

Expand Choices by Creatively Unwinding Irrevocable Trusts

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

estate_planning_article_oct_2012 by Jacob Stein

Estate Planning, December 2012

Despite what its name implies, an irrevocable trust may be subject to change or termination through the implementation of various strategies.

 

 

Overview of International Estate Planning

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

valley_lawyer_article_oct_2012
by Robert Klueger

Valley Lawyer, October 2012

ESTATE PLANNING IS OFTEN difficult enough when the client was born, resides and owns property in Tarzana. It can be infinitely more difficult if the client was born and/or resides and/or owns property in Tanzania. If the client contemplates relocating, either permanently or temporarily, from Tanzania to Tarzana, there are opportunities to be had, and pitfalls to be avoided—before the client’s tax status changes. This article explores the differences in the ways in which U.S. citizens, U.S. resident aliens (RAs) and non-resident aliens (NRAs) are subject to U.S. income tax and estate tax, and the estate tax planning opportunities for NRAs.

Jacob Stein Published in The Daily Journal

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

DailyJournalDaily Journal, December 2010

The Emotional Consequences of Asset Protection
This year has been an emotional rollercoaster for our clients. As asset protection attorneys, we represent a great many people facing financial adversity. Our clients often come to us in a very depressed and disturbed state of mind. It is hard not to get emotionally involved in their problems…

Jacob Stein Interviewed by Robb Report

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

RobbReport_InterviewRobbReport.com, September 2010

RobbReport.com speaks with asset protection specialist Jacob Stein, Esq. of Klueger & Stein, LLP in Los Angeles about the importance of protecting valuable assets, such as your private residence, rental real estate, investments and retirement plans.

 

McCourt Divorce Shines A Light on Asset Protection

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

McCourt_Divorce_Shines_A_Light_on_Asset_Protectionby Jacob Stein

Los Angeles Daily Journal, September 2010

Asset protection has significantly gained in prominence over the past few years. The declining fortunes of real estate developers and investors facing personal guarantee calls, coupled with business owners teetering on the verge of bankruptcy, resulted in a boom for this industry.

 

Asset Protection May Risk Fraudulent Transfer Violations

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Estate_Planningby Jacob Stein

Estate Planning, August 2010

Last-minute asset protection planning can frequently run afoul of the fraudulent transfer laws. This article will help advisors determine when a transfer may be “fraudulent” and what would be the likely consequences of such a transfer to the client and to the attorney.

 

Holding On – Properly structured ERISA plans provide a powerful tool in asset protection planning

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Holding_Onby Robert F. Klueger

Los Angeles Lawyer, December 2009

When contemplating a plan for asset protection, practitioners and their clients often focus on the most exotic approaches, such as foreign and domestic trusts, transmutation agreements, and limited liability companies. Indeed, they often overlook the fundamentals of asset protection, including exempt assets-those that cannot be seized by creditors because they are exempt under federal or state law. Any asset protection plan should begin with an inventory of the client’s exempt assets, which should in turn lead to an inquiry whether the client’s nonexempt assets can be converted into exempt assets.

Alleged Madoff Victims May be Vulnerable to Other Victims’ Claims

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Alleged_Madaoff_Victims_may_be_vulnerable_to_other_victims_claimsby Robert F. Klueger

Los Angeles Times, February 2009

When contemplating a plan for asset protection, practitioners and their clients often focus on the most exotic approaches, such as foreign and domestic trusts, transmutation agreements, and limited liability companies. Indeed, they often overlook the fundamentals of asset protection, including exempt assets-those that cannot be seized by creditors because they are exempt under federal or state law. Any asset protection plan should begin with an inventory of the client’s exempt assets, which should in turn lead to an inquiry whether the client’s nonexempt assets can be converted into exempt assets.

Tilting at Windmills

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Tilting_at_Windmillsby Jacob Stein

Business Entities, May/June 2008

California’s Treatment of A Foreign Jurisdiction’s Series LLCs.

 

 

California Registration Requirements for Foreign LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

California_Registration_Requirements_for_Foreign_LLCsby Jacob Stein

California Tax Lawyer, Summer 2008

The question of California registration comes up often when foreign limited liability companies are used as holding companies for California legal entities, or own passive assets in California like bank accounts and non-income producing real estate.

 

Legal Strategies to Protect Your Properties

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Legal_Strategiesby Jacob Stein

Real Estate Investor, October 2007

Most plaintiffs and creditors simply give up the chase when confronted with an asset protection structure.

 

 

Asset Protection as a Line of Defense

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Line_of_Defenseby Jacob Stein

Real Estate Southern California, September 2007

Developers and investors will always be targets of lawsuits. The only way to change that is by removing a plaintiff’s financial motivation.

 

Asset Protection for Orthodontists

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Asset_Protection_for_Orthodontistsby Jacob Stein

OrthodontlcProductsOnline.com, April/May 2007

Although orthodontists represent only 7% of all dentists in the United States, they face a disproportionately large number of malpractice lawsuits. This is true for anyone in the medical field who performs a large number of procedures.

 

Asset Protection for Doctors

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Asset_Protection_for_Doctorsby Jacob Stein

Plastic Surgery Products Magazine, February 2007

This article provides a comprehensive overview of asset protection for doctors. It focuses on the most practical asset protection strategies and examines the most commonly used structures. For each asset type, different alternatives are discussed and compared.

 

The Importance of Trusts in Asset Protection

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Importance_of_Trustsby Jacob Stein

California Trusts and Estates Quarterly, Winter 2007

In this well-received article, Jacob Stein examines the crucial role that trusts play in asset protection and advises on how trusts should be drafted to maximize their asset protection effectiveness. The article also includes a thorough examination of foreign trusts and recent cases in that arena.

 

A Practical Take on Charging Orders

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Charging_Ordersby Jacob Stein

RIA, Business Entities Magazine, September/October 2006

One of the most comprehensive articles ever written on charging orders. The article examines charging order history, variances in state laws, uniform laws and various concerns.

 

Advanced Asset Protection and Tax Planning with LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Advanced_Asset_Protectionby Jacob Stein

Los Angeles Lawyer, June 2006

In this exhaustive article, Jacob Stein examines such issues as LLC charging orders, series LLCs, foreign LLC structures, drafting issues and tax planning concerns. This article is an exhaustive reference on many LLC issues.

 

Planning With LLCs

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Planning_With_LLCsby Jacob Stein

California CPA, August 2005

From the time limited liability companies came into prominence, practitioners have been working to maximize their asset protection, business flexibility and tax advantages, among other benefits.

 

Tax-Free Exchanges and Fractional Interests: TICs, Tax, Go!

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Tax_Free_Exchanges_and_Fractional_Interestsby Jacob Stein

Orange County Lawyer, August 2003

Jack was fast approaching his “golden” years, and following the advice of his attorney/CPA/financial planner was looking to diversify his only asset, a 30,000 square-foot shopping center. Having made his living off real estate, Jack was not interested in pork belly futures, blue-chip stocks or aircraft leases; hewas looking to diversify into real estate.

Practical Considerations in Asset Protection Planning

Thursday, February 14th, 2013

Practical_Considerationsby Robert F. Klueger

Los Angeles Lawyer Magazine, July/August 2003

This article provides an extensive overview of commonly used asset protection techniques and common obstacles facing the asset protection attorney, including fraudulent conveyance laws.

 

 

Citizenship for Sale in the Caribbean

Tuesday, February 12th, 2013


Here is an interesting article from AP about citizenship for sale in the Caribbean. Most nations sell citizenship, or at least permanent residence with a path to citizenship (including the U.S. and many EU nations) – Caribbean nations make it very affordable. We have helped our clients obtain citizenship in various countries, mostly in East Caribbean. The need for a second citizenship is usually fueled by tax planning (i.e., the client is planning to surrender primary citizenship) or politics (if you may need to flee Russia or Saudi Arabia someday, you need a second passport). Costs and difficulty of obtaining second citizenship varies by country, but in all cases the most important consideration is the ability to travel using the second passport. For example, an individual holding a U.S. or a Schengen passport may travel most anywhere in the world without a visa. The same is not true for citizens of many Caribbean nations.

KINGSTON, Jamaica (AP) — Hadi Mezawi has never set foot on the Caribbean island of Dominica, has never seen its rainforests or black-sand beaches. But he’s one of its newest citizens. Without leaving his home in the United Arab Emirates, the Palestinian man recently received a brand new Dominican passport after sending a roughly $100,000 contribution to the tropical nation half a world away.

“At the start I was a little worried that it might be a fraud, but the process turned out to be quite smooth and simple. Now, I am a Dominican,” said Mezawi, who like many Palestinians had not been recognized as a citizen of any country. That passport will help with travel for his job with a Brazilian food processing company, he said by telephone from Dubai.

Turmoil in the Middle East and North Africa has led to a surge of interest in programs that let investors buy citizenship or residence in countries around the world in return for a healthy contribution or investment. Most are seeking a second passport for hassle-free travel or a ready escape hatch in case things get worse at home.

Nowhere is it easier or faster than in the minuscule Eastern Caribbean nations of Dominica and St. Kitts & Nevis.

It’s such a booming business that a Dubai-based company is building a 4-square-mile (10-square-kilometer) community in St. Kitts where investors can buy property and citizenship at the same time. In its first phase, some 375 shareholders will get citizenship by investing $400,000 each in the project, which is expected to include a 200-room hotel and a mega-yacht marina. Others will get passports for buying one of 50 condominium units.

“The more they fight over there, the more political problems there are, the more applications we get here,” said Victor Doche, managing director of another company that offers four condominium projects where approved buyers are granted citizenship in St. Kitts, which is less than twice the size of Washington D.C.

It’s impossible to say how many people have used the cash for citizenship programs. Officials in both countries declined to respond when asked by The Associated Press. “Why do I have to speak on that?” said Levi Peter, Dominica’s attorney general. “I have no explanation to give to AP.”

But Bernard Wiltshire, a former Dominica attorney general, said there were already around 3,000 economic citizens when he left government about a decade ago. The country now has roughly 73,000 inhabitants in all. “Investor visa” or citizenship programs are offered by many nations, including the United States, Canada, Britain and Austria. But the Caribbean countries offer a fast path to citizenship at a very low cost. The whole process, including background checks, can take as little as 90 days in St. Kitts. And there’s no need to ever live on the islands, or even visit. A foreigner can qualify for citizenship in St. Kitts with a $250,000 donation to a fund for retired sugar workers or with a minimum real estate investment of $400,000. The minimum contribution in Dominica is $100,000.

By contrast, a U.S. program allows visas for a $1 million investment in a U.S. business employing at least 10 people or $500,000 in designated economically depressed areas. The investor can apply for permanent residence in two years, and seek citizenship after five more. Demand in Canada is so great that the country stopped accepting new applications in July. A Dominica passport holder can travel without a visa to more than 50 countries, while a St. Kitts passport provides visa-free travel to 139 countries, including all of the European Union. That’s a big deal to people in countries from which travel is restricted or whose passports are treated with suspicion.

Critics say the programs undermine the integrity of national passports and have security risks. While there are no known cases of terrorists using the programs, experts say that’s a possibility with many visa arrangements anywhere. “No level of scrutiny can completely guarantee that terrorists will not make use of these programs, just as background checks cannot eliminate the risk that dangerous individuals will not enter the country (the U.S.) on tourist visas, as students or as refugees,” said Madeleine Sumption, a senior policy analyst at the Washington-based Migration Policy Institute.

Canada imposed visa requirements on Dominica citizens a decade ago after complaining that suspected criminals had used island passports. And in 2010, Britain said it was considering visa requirements for Dominicans, prompting the island to review its 20-year-old economic citizenship program. Dominica never publicly released the results of its review and Britain took no action.

St. Kitts closed its program to Iranians in December 2011, shortly after Iranian students stormed the British Embassy in Tehran. Iranians had formerly been a major source of applicants, according to Doche. Some locals worry the programs could get out of hand if conditions worsen abroad. “There could be a flood of people with our passports relocating here,” said Dominica’s Wiltshire. “What are we going to do then? Really, this program must be halted. It’s dangerous to us and dangerous for our neighbors.” St. Kitts opposition leader Mark Brantley said the citizenship program was bringing much needed revenue to the debt-swamped islands, but he said there should be better oversight and public accounting. “We do not see that sufficient controls are currently in place to ensure that bad people, for want of better language, do not get access to our citizenship,” he said.

It’s not just economic refugees who are interested in the programs. American Neil Strauss wrote of securing citizenship in St. Kitts in his 2009 book on survivalist preparedness, “Emergency: This Book Will Save Your Life.” “The same way we have a backup drive for our computer in case the hard drive explodes, I just felt like I wanted a backup citizenship in case the same thing happened to my country,” Strauss said during a phone call from his home in Los Angeles. Like most economic citizens of St. Kitts, he rents out his island property.

Some other struggling Eastern Caribbean islands are looking at adopting the St. Kitts model.

Asset Protection

Thursday, February 7th, 2013